potato

英 [pə'teɪtəʊ] 美[pə'teto]

n. [作物] 土豆，[作物] 马铃薯

CET4TEM4考研CET6中频词核心词汇蔬菜

中文词源

potato 土豆

1560s,来自西班牙语patata,来自加勒比海地语batata,红薯，甜薯。后用于指秘鲁产的土豆，土豆早先的名字为bastard potato,因最初土豆不如红薯美味，但后随着土豆越来越重要，人们以potato命名土豆，而以sweet potato命名红薯。

词态变化

复数: potatoes;

英文词源

potato: potato: [16] Potato was originally the English name for the ‘sweet potato’ (when Falstaff in Shakespeare’s Merry Wives of Windsor 1598 cried ‘Let the sky rain potatoes!’ it was to the sweet potato, and its supposed aphrodisiac properties, that he was referring). It did not begin to be used for the vegetable we now know as the potato until the very end of the 16th century. The word comes via Spanish patata from batata, the name for the ‘sweet potato’ in the Taino language of Haiti and other Caribbean islands.
potato (n.): 1560s, from Spanish patata, from a Carib language of Haiti batata "sweet potato." Sweet potatoes were first to be introduced to Europe; in cultivation in Spain by mid-16c.; in Virginia by 1648. Early 16c. Portuguese traders carried the crop to all their shipping ports and the sweet potato was quickly adopted from Africa to India and Java.

The name later (1590s) was extended to the common white potato, from Peru, which was at first (mistakenly) called Virginia potato, or, because at first it was of minor importance compared to the sweet potato, bastard potato. Spanish invaders in Peru began to use white potatoes as cheap food for sailors 1530s. The first potato from South America reached Pope Paul III in 1540; grown in France at first as an ornamental plant. According to popular tradition, introduced to Ireland 1565 by John Hawkins. Brought to England from Colombia by Sir Thomas Herriot, 1586.

German kartoffel (17c.) is a dissimilation from tartoffel, ultimately from Italian tartufolo (Vulgar Latin *territuberem), originally "truffle." Frederick II forced its cultivation on Prussian peasants in 1743. The French is pomme de terre, literally "earth-apple;" a Swedish dialectal word for "potato" is jordpäron, literally "earth-pear."

Colloquial pronunciation tater is attested in print from 1759. Potato chip (n.) attested from 1879. To drop (something) like a hot potato is from 1824. Children's counting-out rhyme that begins one potato, two potato first recorded 1885 in Canada. Slang potato trap "mouth" attested from 1785.

双语例句

1. How do you spell "potato"?: potato这个词怎么拼写？

2. The potato cakes should be crisp outside and meltingly soft inside.: 土豆饼应该外面酥脆,里面嫩软.

3. Now experts are extolling the virtues of the humble potato.: 现在专家们都在赞美其貌不扬的马铃薯的种种好处。

4. Left-handers have trouble using can-openers, scissors, and potato peelers.: 左撇子在使用开罐刀、剪刀和土豆削皮器时会有困难。

5. Put both vegetables into a bowl and crush with a potato masher.: 把这两样蔬菜都放进一个碗里，然后用捣土豆器把它们捣碎。

英英释意

1. an edible tuber native to South America; a staple food of Ireland

2. annual native to South America having underground stolons bearing edible starchy tubers; widely cultivated as a garden vegetable; vines are poisonous

考试真题

In fact it was a potato pancake, and it fell on the stovetop, not on the floor.

Potato chips in Japan are being sold for 6 times their normal price.

Storms and floods in its main potato growing region last year caused the worst harvest in more than 3 decades.

This is after the country's main manufacturer stopped sales due to a potato shortage.

They called a submarine an iron fish and a small bomb thrown by hand a potato.

实用场景例句

Will you peel the potatoes for me?: 你给我削土豆皮好不好？

roast/boiled/baked/fried potatoes: 烘 / 煮 / 烤 / 炸土豆

...a political hot potato such as abortion.: 类似堕胎这样政治上的烫手山芋

Application: suitable for brittle material, potato chips, crispy rice, apple, jelly, etc.: 适用范围: 适合于易碎物料:薯片, 锅巴, 苹果片, 果冻等.

They had potato chips, fizzy drinks and chocolate at the party.: 他们为派对准备了薯片, 汽水和巧克力.

I'll have a baked potato, green beans and an egg salad.: 要一份烤土豆片, 青豆和一份鸡蛋色拉.

Around 1850, a terrible disease hit the potato crop and potato went bad in the soil.: 大约在1850年, 土豆作物发生了一场可怕的病害,土豆全都烂在地里了.

I got the minister on the ear with a potato.: 我用土豆打中了部长的耳朵.

Throw the potato peelings on the compost heap.: 把土豆皮扔到肥料堆上.

The potato is a tuber plant.: 马铃薯是块茎植物.

After a few years'planting, the quality of the potato crop deteriorates.: 土豆种了几年之后就会退化.

Potato chips are served for the children.: 给儿童端上了炸薯条.

He beat the potato into a mash before eating it.: 他把马铃薯捣烂后再吃.

Just one scoop of mashed potato for me, please.: 请给我盛一勺土豆泥.

Many school boards found segregation a hot potato in the early 1960 s.: 在60年代初,许多学校部门都觉得按水平分班是一个棘手的问题.

The potato crop was rather scanty this year.: 今年土豆歉收.

The potato is indigenous to South America.: 土豆产于南美.

a baked potato and beans: 一份烤土豆加烘豆

two scoops of mashed potato: 两勺土豆泥

The potato cakes should be crisp outside and meltingly soft inside.: 土豆饼应该外面酥脆,里面嫩软.

Now experts are extolling the virtues of the humble potato.: 现在专家们都在赞美其貌不扬的马铃薯的种种好处。

Put both vegetables into a bowl and crush with a potato masher.: 把这两样蔬菜都放进一个碗里，然后用捣土豆器把它们捣碎。

The fries are made from pellets of pulverised potato.: 这些炸土豆是土豆泥球做成的。

Visitors were roped in for potato picking and harvesting.: 参观者们被说动来帮忙挖土豆和收土豆。

Work in the potato and milk until the mixture comes together.: 把土豆和牛奶掺进去，直到混合物融合在一起为止。

I went and bought about six dollars' worth of potato chips.: 我去买了大约6美元的薯条。

The cooking time needed depends on the size of the potato.: 所需的烹饪时间取决于土豆的大小。

How do you spell "potato"?: potato这个词怎么拼写？

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